定语从句是英语语法中的一种从句类型,用于修饰名词或代词,提供更多关于先行词的信息。以下是包含定语从句的英语谚语及相关说明:
一、常见定语从句谚语
The bird in the hand is worth two in the bush 现有的一只鸟胜过林中的两只鸟。 *结构解析*:定语从句为“The bird in the hand”,修饰先行词“two in the bush”。
A bad beginning makes a bad ending
坏事做头,坏事收尾。 *结构解析*:定语从句“The bad beginning”修饰先行词“a bad ending”。
He who plays with fire gets burned
玩火者必自焚。 *结构解析*:定语从句“He who plays with fire”修饰先行词“the one who plays with fire”。
All that glitters is not gold
闪闪发光的不都是金子。 *结构解析*:定语从句“All that glitters”修饰先行词“not gold”。
二、结构解析示例
先行词为人: *He that knows little but pretends to know much is a good-for-nothing.* *结构*:定语从句“He that knows little but pretends to know much”修饰先行词“a good-for-nothing”。 先行词为物
*The book which I borrowed from the library is fascinating.*
*结构*:定语从句“The book which I borrowed”修饰先行词“a fascinating book”。
三、注意事项
关系代词选择:
先行词为人时,可用who或that;
先行词为物时,可用which或that。
谚语中的定语从句常通过省略关系代词简化表达,如“The fire which lights at a distance will burn us when near.”可简化为“The fire that lights at a distance will burn us.”。
这些谚语通过简洁的语言传递深刻哲理,同时展示了定语从句在复杂句式中的灵活应用。